Gaussian decomposition and component pigment spectral analysis of phytoplankton absorption spectra     

YE Huping  ZHANG Bing  LIAO Xiaohan  LI Tongji  SHEN Qian  ZHANG Fangfang  ZHU Jianhua  LI Junsheng 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(5)

The absorption spectrum of phytoplankton is an important bio-optical parameter for ocean color hyperspectral remote sensing;its magnitude and shape can be affected considerably by pigment composition and concentration.We conducted Gaussian decomposition to the absorption spectra of phytoplankton pigment and studied the spectral components of the phytoplankton,in which the package effect was investigated using pigment concentration data and phytoplankton absorption spectra.The decomposition results were compared with the corresponding concentrations of the five main pigment groups(chlorophylls a,b,and c,photo-synthetic carotenoids(PSC),and photo-protective carotenoids(PPC)).The results indicate that the majority of residual errors in the Gaussian decomposition are0.001 m~(-1),and R~2 of the power regression between characteristic bands and HPLC pigment concentrations(except for chlorophyll b)was0.65 or greater for surface water samples at autumn cruise.In addition,we determined a strong predictive capability for chlorophylls a,c,PPC,and PSC.We also tested the estimation of pigment concentrations from the empirical specific absorption coefficient of pigment composition.The empirical decomposition showed that the Ficek model was the closest to the original spectra with the smallest residual errors.The pigment decomposition results and HPLC measurements of pigment concentration are in a high consistency as the scatter plots are distributed largely near the 1:1 line in spite of prominent seasonal variations.The Wozniak model showed a better fit than the Ficek model for Chla,and the median relative error was small.The pigment component information estimated from the phytoplankton absorption spectra can help better remote sensing of hyperspectral ocean color that related to the changes in phytoplankton communities and varieties.  相似文献   

基于F型mtDNA D-Loop的厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)群体遗传多样性研究     

刘硕博  唐祖蓉  申望  叶莹莹  陈晓磊  祁鹏志  郭宝英 《海洋与湖沼》2019,50(2):355-364

为研究东海区厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)遗传多样性,以厚壳贻贝F mtDNA D-loop为标记,对浙江省舟山嵊山岛、宁波渔山岛、温州南麂岛、福建省宁德湾和莆田南日岛五个海区的厚壳贻贝群体进行了遗传分析。结果表明,厚壳贻贝各群体的遗传多样性差异不明显,在5个群体中,宁德群体的遗传多样性相对最丰富;将5个群体作为一个整体时,呈现出较高的单倍型多样性和较低的核苷酸多样性。对厚壳贻贝5个群体间的遗传分化系数(Fst)和基因流(Nm)进行检测,结果显示群体间Fst值都很低,但Nm值都很高(Nm绝对值1),表明5个群体间存在丰富的基因交流。但宁德群体与浙江沿海的3个群体(嵊山、渔山、温州)的Fst值相对较高,且差异显著(P0.5),表明宁德群体与这3个群体间出现遗传分化。本研究旨在为海洋经济贝类资源的保护管理提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Predicting the entire soil-water characteristic curve using measurements within low suction range     

YE Yun-xue  ZOU Wei-lie  HAN Zhong  LIU Xiao-wen 《山地科学学报》2019,(5)

The soil-water characteristic curve(SWCC) is widely used in the design and evaluation in the practice of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering such as the slope stability under the influence of environmental factors. The SWCC has distinct features in the capillary and adsorption zones due to different physical mechanisms. Measurements of the SWCC are typically limited within the capillary zone(i.e., low suction range). It is cumbersome and time-consuming to measure the SWCC in the adsorption zone(i.e., high suction range). This study presents a simple method to predict the entire SWCC within both the capillary and adsorption zones, using measured data only from low suction range(e.g., from 0 to 500 kPa). Experimental studies were performed on a completely weathered granite residual soil to determine its entire SWCC from saturated to dry conditions. The resultant SWCC, along with the SWCC measurements of 14 soils reported in the literature, were used to validate the proposed method. The results indicate that the proposed method has good consistency with a wide array of measured data used in this study. The proposed method is easy to use as it only requires a simple parameter calibration for a commonly used SWCC model. It can be used to improve the reliability in the prediction of the SWCC over the entire suction range when measurements are limited within the low suction range.  相似文献   

ASTER数据的煤矿区水体信息提取     

叶杰  王战卫  冯乃琦  刘冰  张斌  谷芳莹  白潍铭  王海侠 《测绘通报》2020,(7):82-87

为实现多光谱数据对煤矿区水体信息提取，以萍乡市芦新岭及周边煤矿为试验区，在国内外学者对水体指数法提取水体信息和应用的启发下，对试验区不同地物的波谱特征进行分析。本文首先利用数学统计方法建立一种ASTER数据综合归一化差异水体指数模型SWI ASTER_xy，然后利用这一模型对试验区进行水体信息提取。试验表明，该模型能够有效地提取矿区各类水体，还可以运用在ASTER数据（或其他多光谱数据）对不同区域不同地物的提取，在遥感地物定量提取上具有很好的效果和潜力，具有一定的推广价值。  相似文献   

蝗虫遥感监测预警研究现状与展望   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

黄文江  董莹莹  赵龙龙  耿芸  阮超  张弼尧  孙忠祥  张寒苏  叶回春  王昆 《遥感学报》2020,24(10):1270-1279

气候变化背景下全球蝗灾日益肆虐，为支撑虫害及时精准防控，迫切需要开展大面积蝗虫动态监测预警研究。本文从蝗虫生境遥感监测、蝗虫发生动态遥感预警，以及蝗灾遥感损失评估3个方面介绍了当前研究现状，并指出当前存在的问题主要包括3个方面：蝗虫监测预警的时空分辨率较粗，无法精准定位虫害热点发生区和重点危害区；遥感虫害响应机制与虫害生物学扩散模型耦合度较低，导致模型时空普适性较差；缺乏高时空精度的虫害监测预警空间信息服务产品。因此，当前急需发展面向全球、洲际、全国、区域的多尺度、长时序、高精度虫害精准监测预警平台。通过建立时空精细尺度的虫害监测预警指标体系，研制遥感机制与虫害生物学机理深度耦合的高精度预测预报模型，发布多尺度高时频的虫害监测预警空间信息产品和服务，以实现海量数据的自动入库和智能存储、多层次模型的快速调用和高性能计算、虫害测报产品的在线生产和可视化服务。建立从数据到模型到产品服务的全链路，从而切实提升全球应对重大迁飞性虫害的智能化水平，为保障粮食安全、维护区域稳定和可持续发展提供科技支撑。  相似文献   

贵州印江窑上奥陶系湄潭组含锰矿层发现及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

叶飞  潘文  尹廷龙  左勇  覃智贵  周灵  周宁  赵爽  刘健 《贵州地质》2020,37(2):138-143, 208

近期在开展1∶5万大坝场幅区域地质调查工作中,在印江窑上奥陶系湄潭组中发现了锰矿层。目前国内已有公开报道的奥陶系锰矿仅见于湖南桃江、益阳、安化、宁乡等地。综合分析后,认为该锰矿可与"桃江式"锰矿对比。鉴于黔东北湄潭组地层分布广泛,具有一定科学和找矿意义。  相似文献   

四川乌斯河铅锌矿床成矿物质来源及矿床成因:来自原位S-Pb同位素证据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韦晨  叶霖  李珍立  胡宇思  黄智龙  刘玉平  王皓宇 《岩石学报》2020,36(12):3783-3796

乌斯河铅锌矿床位于扬子板块西南缘，是川滇黔铅锌矿集区代表性大型铅锌矿床之一，估算资源量超过370万吨，Pb+Zn平均品位~15.7%。该矿床铅锌矿体主要呈层状、似层状、透镜状产于震旦系灯影组的白云岩地层中，其围岩蚀变较弱，以白云石化和方解石化为主。矿石类型主要包括块状、条带状、角砾状、脉状和浸染状等，其中矿物组成相对简单，以闪锌矿、方铅矿、白云石和方解石为主，含少量沥青和黄铁矿。该矿床地质地球化学研究程度相对较低，其成矿物质来源不清，致使该矿床存在热水沉积成因、喷流沉积-后期热液叠加改造以及MVT型等多种成因争议，难以建立统一成矿模式。本文对乌斯河铅锌矿床不同成矿阶段的硫化物（包括黄铁矿、闪锌矿和方铅矿），开展原位硫和铅同位素地球化学研究，以查明该矿床的成矿物质来源、还原硫的形成机制和示踪成矿过程，为认识该类矿床铅锌成矿作用提供新地球化学依据。原位S同位素分析结果显示，乌斯河铅锌矿床硫化物的还原硫存在不同硫来源，成矿早阶段硫化物δ³⁴S值较低，介于+1.3‰~+14.2‰之间，暗示可能有来自于赋矿地层圈闭古油气系统中的H₂S；主成矿阶段硫化物相对富集重硫同位素，δ³⁴S值在+11.0‰~+23.3‰之间，表明其为赋矿地层的蒸发岩的热化学还原作用的产物。此外，硫化物的LA-MC-ICPMS原位Pb同位素组成分析显示，该矿床成矿金属元素主要来源于变质基底地层，水岩反应可能使赋矿地层贡献少量的成矿物质。综合矿区地质特征和已有的地球化学研究成果，本文认为乌斯河铅锌矿床属于MVT铅锌矿床，富Pb、Zn等成矿元素的流体与富H₂S的流体混合是该矿床金属硫化物沉淀的主要机制。  相似文献   

Analyses of egg size,otolith shape,and growth revealed two components of small yellow croaker in Haizhou Bay spawning stock     

JIANG Yiqian  ZHANG Chi  YE Zhenjiang  TIAN Yongjun 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(4)

The geographic al variations in life history characteristic s of small yellow cro aker Larimich thys polyactis,caused by experienced different environmental conditions,have been observed in China seas.Previous studies based on spatial distribution,migration route,and body morphometrics suggested a complex stock structure.In this study,to clarify the source of a spawning stock,we investigated the reproduction strategy and inter-structure of the Haizhou Bay(HZB)spawning stock in the middle Yellow Sea from both egg survey and adult otolith increment analysis.Egg and adult samples were collected from three surveys during spawning season in 2013.Distinct spatial and temporal variations were detected in egg distribution and size,and otolith shape analy sis of adult fishes revealed two morphotypes with different increment growth using random forest cluster.The results indicate the existence of two components within the same spawning stock in HZB from different wintering grounds,and accordingly special protection should be required for this stock given the significance to maintain connectivity between adj acent subpopulations.  相似文献   

Validating the ability of the discontinuous deformation analysis method to model normal P‐wave propagation across rock fractures          下载免费PDF全文

Wenjun Gong  Yunsheng Wang  Youjun Ning  Yonghong Luo  Yujie Wang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(10):1267-1282

The effects of fractures on wave propagation problems are increasingly abstracting the attention of scholars and engineers in rock engineering field. This study aims to fully validate the ability of discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) to model normal P‐wave propagation across rock fractures. The effects of a single fracture and multiple parallel fractures are all tested. The results indicate that DDA can accurately reflect the fracture effects, including the fractures stiffness, the fracture spacing and the fracture number, and the effects of incident wave frequency on one‐dimensional P‐wave propagation problems. Thus, DDA is able to deal well with normal incident P‐wave propagation problems. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The role of anthropogenic activities in karst spring discharge volatility          下载免费PDF全文

Jing Wu  Jian Yin  Yonghong Hao  Yan Liu  Yonghui Fan  Xueli Huo  Youcun Liu  Tian‐Chyi J. Yeh 《水文研究》2015,29(13):2855-2866

The traditional hydrological time series methods tend to focus on the mean of whichever variable is analysed but neglect its time‐varying variance (i.e. assuming the variance remains constant). The variances of hydrological time series vary with time under anthropogenic influence. There is evidence that extensive well drilling and groundwater pumping can intercept groundwater run‐off and consequently induce spring discharge volatility or variance varying with time (i.e. heteroskedasticity). To investigate the time‐varying variance or heteroskedasticity of spring discharge, this paper presents a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with general autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (SARIMA‐GARCH) model, whose the SARIMA model is used to estimate the mean of hydrological time series, and the GARCH model estimates its time‐varying variance. The SARIMA‐GARCH model was then applied to the Xin'an Springs Basin, China, where extensive groundwater development has occurred since 1978 (e.g. the average annual groundwater pumping rates were less than 0.20 m³/s in the 1970s, reached 1.20 m³/s at the end of the 1980s, surpassed 2.0 m³/s in the 1990s and exceeded 3.0 m³/s by 2007). To identify whether human activities or natural stressors caused the heteroskedasticity of Xin'an Springs discharge, we segmented the spring discharge sequence into two periods: a predevelopment stage (i.e. 1956–1977) and a developed stage (i.e. 1978–2012), and set up the SARIMA‐GARCH model for the two stages, respectively. By comparing the models, we detected the role of human activities in spring discharge volatility. The results showed that human activities caused the heteroskedasticity of the Xin'an Spring discharge. The predicted Xin'an Springs discharge by the SARIMA‐GARCH model showed that the mean monthly spring discharge is predicted to continue to decline to 0.93 m³/s in 2013, 0.67 m³/s in 2014 and 0.73 m³/s in 2015. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献